A movement around the long axis of a bone or body segment is known as?

The concept of a movement occurring around the long axis of a bone or body segment describes rotation. This type of movement involves a pivoting action where a bone turns about its own length. For example, when you turn your head side to side, that's an example of rotation.

In the context of anatomy, rotation can occur at various joints, such as the shoulder or neck, where the parts of the body turn in relation to one another. This distinguishes it from other types of movements such as flexion and extension, which refer specifically to bending and straightening movements that change the angle between body parts, and circumduction, which combines flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction in a circular motion, rather than a straightforward turning motion around an axis.