Which type of metabolic pathway is utilized during prolonged low-intensity exercise?

During prolonged low-intensity exercise, the body primarily relies on aerobic metabolism for energy production. This is where fatty acid oxidation plays a crucial role. In this metabolic pathway, fatty acids are broken down in the presence of oxygen to produce ATP, which is the energy currency needed for muscle contractions.

Low-intensity exercise, such as a brisk walk or light jogging, allows the body to efficiently utilize fat stores since there is sufficient oxygen available. As the intensity remains low, the body is able to sustain these activities for extended periods, primarily drawing from fat stores rather than glycogen. This metabolic efficiency is particularly advantageous for endurance activities.

While other pathways, such as anaerobic glycolysis, come into play during higher-intensity activities where oxygen is limited, during prolonged low-intensity exercise, the reliance on aerobic processes, especially fatty acid oxidation, is significantly greater. This highlights the importance of fat as a fuel source when engaged in sustained, low-intensity exercises.